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Jazz and the African Diaspora, 2008.
This paper discusses the success of African-American jazz musicians in Europe.
2,164 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the racial tensions and riots that led to the African Diaspora, when black performers, mostly jazz musicians, left the United States and went to Europe. The paper discusses how these African-American performers found the freedom in Europe to compose and perform their jazz music. The paper focuses on Josephine Baker, a black woman who was able to find acceptance, fame and fortune in Paris and throughout the world.
From the Paper
"In the summer and fall of 1919, race riots erupted in Northern and Southern cities across America. Called the Red Summer of 1919, three violent episodes happened in Chicago, Washington, D.C., and Elaine, Arkansas. The resulting tension throughout the United States made it impossible for African-Americans and Whites to live together in peace. Musicians in bands suddenly found themselves estranged from their close friends, members of bands argued and refused to talk to each other. Bands split up and African-American groups were barred from performing in venues throughout the United States. This led to the African Diaspora, when black performers, mostly jazz musicians, left the United States and went to Europe, where segregation and prejudice were not prevalent, and surprisingly, found the freedom and success they had lacked in the United States, to compose and perform their jazz music."
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The "Secret Six", 2008.
A review of Otto J. Scott's "The Secret Six: John Brown and the Abolitionist Movement", one of the most comprehensive looks at America preceding the Civil War.
892 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Otto J. Scott's "The Secret Six: John Brown and the Abolitionist Movement" where Scott explores the origin, meaning and consequence of modern terrorism through a discussion of the radicalism of the early abolitionist movement. The paper asserts that Scott's personal agenda is evident throughout the book, and he therefore can not be established as a credible author. The paper concludes, however, that in general he would recommend this book for its entertaining and disturbing analysis into the minds of John Brown and his six co-conspirators.
From the Paper
"Scott is concerned in this book with the radicalism of the early abolitionist movement; he explores the origin, meaning and consequence of modern terrorism. The book follows the story of the "Secret Six" the six wealth individuals who funded and encouraged Brown in his murders and plans for revolution. These six individuals were all well respected members of society, Thomas Higginson, Samuel Howe, Theodore Parker, Gerrit Smith, Franklin Sanborn and George Luther Stearns. These individuals not only encouraged Brown to commit his acts but actively collected money to fun him. They were able to raise over a period of three years, enough money for Brown to assemble a strong artillery staple needed for his revolution."
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Transracial Adoption, 2008.
This paper explores whether a transracial adoption might be harmful to a child.
4,816 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 42 sources, APA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the major concern raised by those opposing transracial adoptions, that children will not be able to form a proper identity in a conflicted racial situation. The paper examines the process of adoption and compares numerous studies of adoptees and their identities. The paper attributes the inconclusive results to problems with methodology, assumptions made by researchers that may color their research and a problem of definitions, for to say that adoptees may have an identity problem might mean that they do not have the identity that critics want them to have, rather than having a real problem themselves.
Outline:
Introduction
Adoption and the Process of Adoption
Inter-Racial Adoption
From the Paper
"The adoption market matches potential parents and children as best it can, and the process can become more complicated when the requirements are more extensive. Agencies try to match the child with the parent to the extent possible, assuming that this is what the parents want. Prospective parents often have specific requirements of their own, which is why it becomes increasingly difficult to place children as they grow older, given that most adopting parents want infants or very young children. This also becomes a factor that may limit the choice exercised by prospective adopting parents. For those dedicated to becoming parents, the pool of children can be extended if the parents are willing to adopt older children or children from other races, but this creates a different concern. In recent years, a number of black leaders and psychologists have objected that such adoptions may be harmful to the children, not necessarily directly but in that the children are not raised and acculturated in the traditions of their ethnic group and so may develop an identity crisis."
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Race and Masculinity, 2008.
A review of the book "Battle Royal" by Ralph Ellison.
1,460 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
An examination of racism and cruelty towards African Americans in Ralph Ellison's book, "Battle Royal". The paper explains that in Ellison's story "Battle Royal", powerful symbolism, e.g. that of blind fighting on an electrified rug, is used to significantly portray African Americans' struggle for equality, and to also show both the artificial construction-connection and the degradation of race and masculinity at once. The paper also points out that within Ellison's "Battle Royal", race and masculinity are also deliberately constructed, especially vis-a-vis prejudiced white society, by the African-American author in order to illustrate the conjoining and the degradation, by whites, of African-American race and masculinity.
From the Paper
"Near the end of Ralph Ellison's "Battle Royal"; in the scene where the young black narrator finally repeats his recent high school graduation speech to the assembled white businessmen and other pillars of the [racist] community; Ralph Ellison juxtaposes 1940's-era African American typically degraded masculinity, against the dominant but nervous masculinity of the town's leading middle-aged white males. Here, Ellison describes a clearly well planned and orchestrated afternoon of deep racial and sexual humiliation, combined, of the teenage narrator and other black youths his age who are pressured and coerced into fighting one another, supposedly for prize money."
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Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement, 2008.
A review of the book "Why We Can't Wait" by Martin Luther King, Jr.
852 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the book "Why We Can't Wait" by Martin Luther King, Jr. which describes the 1963 struggle for civil rights that climaxed with legislation that ended segregation in the United States. The paper looks at how this book is written in graphic terms, in language that is intended to move people. The paper also points out that the chapters in the book are, in essence, written sermons. The paper then explains why "Why We Can't Wait" is an important document concerning this period of segregation and oppression of black people in America.
From the Paper
"In the opening chapter, Dr. King addresses the question, "Why 1963?" and summarizes the many events that brought the emotional crisis which black people had endured to a head. Segregationists were proving the depth of their intransigence. Africa was moving to full independence, yet in much of America neither African diplomats to the United States nor United States Marines were accorded basic human decency. To combat this situation, Dr. King had studied and been profoundly influenced by the doctrine of non-violence, which he discusses in his second chapter, "The Sword That Heals.""
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Article: Jill Smolowe's "A Town Divided", 2008.
An analysis of Jill Smolowe's article "A Town Divided".
870 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Jill Smolowe's article, "A Town Divided", about six young African-American male high school students, labeled the Jena 6 by the media, who were arrested and charged with attempted murder in an adult courtroom for beating a young Caucasian male student to unconsciousness. The paper first presents background information about the incident and then takes a look how the article covered it. Specifically, the paper discusses the ethos, logos, and pathos of the articles and concludes that, overall, the article is effective in creating sympathetic feelings for the Jena 6, as the original charges they faced and their initial treatment was definitely unfair.
Table of Contents:
Commentary
Argument Analysis Essay
From the Paper
"The argument in this piece is very subtle but obviously clear and seeks to present the six African American males as sympathetic characters, which is the ethos of this article. Only the African American point of view is presented in interviews with some of the accused and their families, with none of the Caucasian participants given a chance to speak or express their side of the story. This logos makes sense when the aim of the article is to humanize one faction in a story, while demonizing the other."
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