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The Tuskegee Experiment, 2008.
A discussion of the infamous U.S. Tuskegee syphilis experiment from an ethical and scientific point of view.
871 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the 1930 United States Public Health Service's (PHS) study on the long-term effects of untreated syphilis, known as the Tuskegee experiment. The paper reveals the shocking ethical and
human rights violations and compares them to the horrific experiments conducted by the Nazis on concentration camp prisoners in the Holocaust. The paper notes that this study was authorized,
administrated and perpetuated by the highest levels of U.S. government. The paper discusses how, ironically, this experiment was practically worthless scientifically.
Outline:
The Tuskegee Experiments
Scientific Value
Ethical Analysis
From the Paper
"In 1930, the United States Public Health Service (PHS) initiated a large study into the causes and treatments of syphilis and gonorrhea, which had to be substantially reduced in size and expense once the Great Depression took hold of the country shortly thereafter. Since insufficient funding was available for the original study, PHS officials scaled back the original study in 1932 and shifted its focus from treating the diseases to simply studying the long-term effects of untreated syphilis (Lehrer 1997)."
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The Hitler Youth, 2008.
This paper argues that the Hitler Youth was well-integrated within the Nazi apparatus and committed to the objectives of the Nazi government.
2,429 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
The paper explores how so many of Germany's best and brightest young people could become swept up in the machinations of a hate-filled and destructive Nazi regime. The paper provides evidence to show that the Hitler Youth's members were very committed to the objectives of the Nazi government because of their integration with the SS, the SA and the frightfully brutal SS-Totenkopfverbande. The paper then discusses how the situation in pre-war Germany and German youth's exposure to wide-spread indoctrination made it easier for them to be implements of the Nazi regime.
From the Paper
"As much as some might wish to deny it, there is strong evidence that the Hitler Youth (the Hitlerjugend or HJ) was well-integrated within the Nazi apparatus. For one thing, it was sometimes said within Nazi Party circles during the midst of the Second World War that the HJ actually walked in lock-step with Himmler's SS (Schutzstaffel). As if this involvement was not troubling enough, it appears as though the Hitler Youth was intimately associated with both the SA (Sturmabteilung) and the SS - though the SS influence and relationship did grow stronger over the course of the 1930s. In any case, the SA did begin training HJ members (under Hitlerjugend auspices) at the age of 17, thereby preparing them for military roles in the war just ahead (Rempel, 19-20)."
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Did the US and Canada Betray the Jews?, 2008.
A look at the failure of Canada and the United States to respond to the crisis of European Jewry, 1938.
1,976 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the extent to which the leaders of the United States and Canada refused to consider the pleas of Jewish refugees for protection during World War II. The paper portrays the vitriolic anti-Semitism present in both countries but shows how the Canadian leadership was more anti-Semitic than President Roosevelt of the United States. The paper still concludes that both countries failed to respond to the plight of Jewish refugees during World War II.
From the Paper
"By 1938, few people with more than the most basic awareness of world events could doubt that Adolf Hitler represented a threat to the Jews of Europe. In February of that year, he assumed personal command of the German armed forces (Churchill 261). Days later, he invited Austrian Chancellor von Schuschnigg to Germany, and demanded what amounted to a capitulation of the Austrian government to the Austrian Nazi Party (Churchill, 262-65). It was clear that the Nazis intended to take over Austria, and that the Jewish population of Austria would be subjected to pogroms and expulsion (Gedye "Schuschnigg Visit" 4)."
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North American Response to Jewish Refugees, 2008.
This paper takes a strong stance that both North American leaders and its people did little to aid the numerous Jewish refugees fleeing from Nazi Germany and Austria during WWII.
2,008 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
The author argues in this paper that one of the great moral blights on the face of Canada and the United States is their failure to act effectively in the face of the horror that Nazi Germany perpetrated against Jews before and during World War II. The author further states that both countries during this period were marked by vitriolic anti-Semitism and goes on to analyze the question of what the leaders of the United States and Canada stood for by refusing to consider the pleas of Jewish refugees for protection.
From the Paper
"Within the government of Canada after the Liberal's accession to power in 1935, the Immigration Branch had been shuttled into the Department of Miner and Resources, under minister Frederick Charles Blair. The Immigration Branch was nominally headed by Thomas Creara, but effectively Blair gave the commands to Creara, and Blair was a rule-bound bureaucrat who firmly believed in protecting Canada from refugees, a group that to him meant Jews. (Abella & Troper, 7-8) Blair was anti-Semitic, a man of almost unbounded contempt for Jews, although he insisted in remarkable self-serving statements that he was innocent of all such sentiments and that his refusal to accommodate refugees was actually favorable to Jews, since they would only be despised by the Canadian populace (Abella & Troper, 8-9)."
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Human Rights, Genocide and the UN, 2008.
This paper explores instances of genocide and ethnocide and the failed response of the international community.
809 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the concepts of genocide and ethnocide using the examples of the Holocaust and Rwanda. The paper looks at the effectiveness of the international community, specifically the Security Council and the United Nations General Assembly, in combating tragedies like Rwanda and at how the international community also failed European Jewry. The paper shows how international agreements and institutions are meaningless unless they have in place practical mechanisms that will make sure rogue states and individuals are held accountable for their actions.
From the Paper
"Broadly stated, genocide is the commission of acts that intend to destroy (in whole or in part) a racial, ethnic, religious and/or national group. It involves the killing of members of the aforementioned groups and it involves causing physical harm and mental anguish to group members, as well. At the same time, genocide involves creating living conditions for members of a group that are designed to bring about the physical destruction of those individuals. Lastly, imposing measures to prevent births and forcibly transferring the children of the persecuted group to other communities to be raised by others are also forms of genocide (Ryan Jr., 114-115)."
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Understanding Genocide, 2008.
This paper examines Elie Wiesel's autobiography "Night" in order to determine the sociological implications of genocide.
2,360 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes Elie Wiesel's Holocaust recollections in his book "Night" with the goal of pinpointing the sociological realities that tend to breed genocide. The paper poses three central preconditions of genocide; the technological means of genocide, the role of propaganda and the role of extreme nationalism. The paper shows how Wiesel substantiates these preconditions of genocide in his book.
Outline:
Propaganda
The Mobilization of Technology
Nationalism
Never Again?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It would not be an exaggeration to write that Elie Wiesel's Night occupies a special place in the anthology of holocaust autobiographies. Of late, this short work has enjoyed a resurgence of sorts, and has skyrocketed to the top of numerous newspapers' bestselling lists. This paper, however, does not aim to delve into a literary analysis of the book--its inimitable style, its conciseness of language, and its mesmerizing refusal to lend itself to a clearly recognizable literary genre. This book, for all its concern with language and memory, is an autobiography that is grounded deeply in time and place--Poland of the Second World War. Wiesel's book, then, must be read as an autobiography of a Jewish man's appalling journey through that broken period. Consequently, it is up to the reader to make what he/she will of the work and to derive its sociological significance."
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